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!!!!1879 __ Note on the Invention of a Method for Making the Movements of the Pulse Audible by the Telephone. The Sphygmophone. * Dr. Benjamin Ward Richardson (1828-1896) * ''Comment :'' "The Pulse Made to Speak" -- (From the London "Lancet") -- At the last meeting of the royal society, Dr. Richardson demonstrated the action of a new invention of his own, which he calls the sphygmophone, and by which he transmutes the movements of the arterial pulse into loud telephonic sounds. In this apparatus the needle of a Pond's sphygmograph is made to traverse a metal or carbon plate which is connected with the zinc pole of a Leclanche celle. To the metal stem of the sphygmograph is then attached one terminal of the telephone the other terminal being connected with the opposite pole of the battery. ^[...^] In so moving, three sounds, one long and two short, are given from the telephone, which sounds correspond with the first, second , and third events of sphygmographic reading. In fact the pulse talks telephonically, and so loudly that when two cells are used the sounds can be heard by an audience of several hundred people. By extending the telephone wires, the sounds can also be conveyed long distances, so that a physician in his consulting-room might listen to the heart or pulse of a patient lying in bed (speaking modestly as to distance) a mile or two away. Dr. Richardson described to the Fellows of the Royal Society that the sounds yielded by the natural pulse resemble the two words "bother it". Not a bad commencement for a talking pulse. ''(In "New Zealand Tablet", Volume VII, Issue 329, 8 August 1879, Page 14)'' * ''Attached references :'' {small}Mathieu-François-Régis Buisson (1776-1804), ''Auscultation'' (1802) ; René-Théophile-Marie-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826), ''On Mediate Auscultation'' (1819) ; Hans Berger (1873-1941), ''Sonification of brainwaves'' (1934) ; Alvin Lucier (1931-), ''Music for a Solo Performer'' (1965) ; David Rosenboom (1947-), ''Brainwave Music'' (1975), ''Piano Etude I (Alpha)'' (1971).{/small} * ''Sources :'' {small}B.W. Richardson. (1879). ''Note on the Invention of a Method for Making the Movements of the Pulse Audible by the Telephone. The Sphygmophone''. In ‘Proceedings of the Royal Society London’. January 1, 1879, pp. 29-70 ; and also : In ‘La Lumière Électrique — Journal Universel d'Électricité’, 1e série, vol. 1, n°1-12, 1879, Paris : Union des syndicats de l'électricité, Tome 1er, 15 novembre 1879, No. 10, pp. 196-197 ; E. Boughut. (1883). ''Traité de Diagonstic et de Sémiologie''. Paris : Baillière et fils. {/small} {br}{br}
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