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!!!!1819 __ Stethoscope — On Mediate Auscultation * René-Théophile-Marie-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826) * ''Comment :'' Auscultation - act of listening. Buisson has used it synonymously with "listening". Laënnec introduced "auscultation" to appreciate the different sounds, which can be heard in the chest, and in the diagnosis of diseases of the heart, lungs, etc. This may be done by the aid of an instrument called a "stethoscope", one extremity of which is applied to the ear, the other to the chest of the patient. This mode of examination is called "Mediate Auscultation", (F) Auscultation médiate - the application of the ear to the chest being "immediate auscultation". The act of exploring the chest is called "Stethoscopia", and "Thoracoscopia" ; of the abdomen, "Abdominoscopia". ''(Robley Dunglison, p. 83, 1845)'' * ''Translated excerpt :'' « I recalled a well known acoustic phenomenon : if you place your ear against one end of a wood beam the scratch of a pin at the other end is distinctly audible. It occurred to me that this physical property might serve a useful purpose in the case I was dealing with. I then tightly rolled a sheet of paper, one end of which I placed over the precordium (chest) and my ear to the other. I was surprised and elated to be able to hear the beating of her heart with far greater clearness than I ever had with direct application of my ear. I immediately saw that this might become an indispensable method for studying, not only the beating of the heart, but all movements able of producing sound in the chest cavity. » ''(Translated from French by John Forbes, 1834, In Jay V. “The legacy of Laënnec”. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000;124:1420–1421 ; and also : Davies MK, Hollman A. Rene Theophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781–1826) Heart 1996;76:196 ; Welsby PD, Parry G, Smith D. The stethoscope: some preliminary investigations. Postgrad Med J 2003;79:695–698)'' * ''Sources :'' {small}R. Dunglison. (1845). ''Medical lexicon: a dictionary of medical science : containing a concise account of the various subjects and terms, with the French and other synonymes, notices of climate, and of celebrated mineral waters, formulae for various officinal and empirical preparations, etc''. Fifth edition. Philadelphia : Lea and Blanchard ; R.-T.-M.-H. Laënnec. (1819). ''Traité de l’auscultation médiate, ou Traité du diagnostic des maladies des poumons et du cœur, fondé principalement ur ce nouveau mode d’exploration''. Paris : Chez J.A. Brosson & J.S. Chaudé, 1837.{/small} {br}{br}
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