AUDIAshapiro - Jerome Joy website

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!!CONCERT ''(Automation House, New York City, 1971)'' \|t [../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_announce_50.jpg\|../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_announce.jpg]{br}{br}{small}Annonce du concert, in New York Magazine, 15 fév. 1971, Vol. 4, N°7{/small}\|t \|t \|t \|t \|t \| ---- {br}{br} \|t {small}{cap}Article in Brown Alumni Monthly March 1971, Vol. 71, No. 6, , pp. 7-8 (Brown University, Providence){/cap}{/small}{br}{br}[../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_article_page1_50.jpg\|../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_article_page1.jpg]\|t \|t {br}{br}{br}{br}[../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_article_page2_50.jpg\|../files/articles/shapiro/shapiro_breath_article_page2.jpg]{br}{br}{br}{br} ---- ''A piece of music{br}you really feel{br}{br}"Close your eyes and leave them closed." Those instructions begin the score of "The Second Piece — The One about Finding Your Way in the Dark" by electronic music composer and assistant professor of music Gerald Shapiro. The piece was first introduced on Feb. 12 during Shapiro's New York debut at the Intermedia Institute at Automation House. {br}{br}There are two ways to describe "The Second Piece" — how it works and how it feels. To begin with how it feels: one is equipped with a headset with a light on top, a wired sock, and a small box that looks something like a camera case. Thus equipped, the participant enters a darkened room with his eyes closed. As he walks around, the sound coming through his earphones constantly changes, becoming louder as he nears another person and diminishing as the distance increases. It becomes possible to "see" where other people are.{br}When two participants touch one another, the loud steady sound that has indicated each other's presence shuts off and another sound replaces it. The quality of this sound is different for each pair of participants and it can be altered by using different forms of touching. Lightly tapping another person, for example, produces a different sound than pressing firmly. {br}{br}Finding a vocabulary to describe the effect of participating in "The Second Piece" is very difficult. "It's like a trip to another planet," said one girl. "It's a different world." The outer space analogy is reinforced by the science fiction look of the electronic apparatus and by the strangeness of communicating entirely by touch and motion made audible. After wandering around the darkened room for a while, one begins to recognize other people in the space solely by the sound which results when one touches them. Gradually participants learn to communicate with one another in more sophisticated ways by varying contacts which result in varying sounds. {br}It's a little bit like learning a strange language. It's also possible to produce something resembling a tune by alternately touching several different people in sequence. {br}{br}To explain the philosophy behind "The Second Piece," Gerald Shapiro wrote in the program notes: "1 have come to conceive of music as a way of listening — rather than the sound which is listened to, and of a piece of music as a process of interaction resulting in that special kind of listening we call music. 'The Second Piece' is participant-activated, there are neither performers nor audience. Neither is there any performance in the usual sense of the word, for what is composed is the listening process itself… The participants are involved in an intensely communicative relationship with one another and with the technology of the piece. The medium and the end result of that relationship is sound and the experience for those who have participated in the piece is one of total involvement in that sound… » {br}{br}Shapiro composed "The Second Piece" in collaboration with Bill Patterson, a research engineer at Brown, whose day-to-day work involves designing [cameras used to photograph Mars\|DocMarsImages]. Patterson designed the electronic apparatus for the piece and he might be the only one who fully understands how it all works. To quote from the program notes: "Each participant is equipped with a helmet and each helmet contains circuitry which transmits a unique, complex, low-frequency audio signal by modulating an invisible, infra-red light beam.{br}Other circuitry detects those signals and routes them to the headset. Because of the highly directional, short-range characteristics of this type of transmission, each participant will be able to… understand the placement and distance of the other participants. The auditory results of this scanning procedure will be a continuous but constantly shifting soundfield as the participants face in different directions and as other participants move in and out of range. {br}{br}"The helmets also contain a high frequency oscillator whose output makes a direct electrical connection to the skin of the participant and to one input of a beat frequency detector. When two participants touch, all transmission and detection of light beam carried signal is turned off for the participants involved and they hear instead a sound whose frequency represents the difference between their individual high frequency oscillators." {br}{br}So much for technical explanations. The instruments for the piece were built by friends and students in Shapiro's electronic music studio. For weeks before the show, the basement studio was a Santa's workshop of continuous activity, with helpers wiring and soldering circuits, sewing cases for the instruments, testing completed work, and searching for lost parts.{br}{br}If participating in "The Second Piece" was like a trip to another planet, the effort that made it all possible seemed as complex and sustained as preparations for a moon shot.''{br}{br}{br}^[[Download article (pdf)\|https://ia600204.us.archive.org/1/items/brownalumnimonth716brow/brownalumnimonth716brow.pdf]^]\| {br}{br} {br}{br} {br}{br} ----
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